Ni jumtukaayu core bi ci wàllu natt kuuraŋ, konseptioŋ bi ñuy jëmmale ab tester voltage dafay wane ni wóor na, yombal jëfandikoo gi, ak ci wàllu xarala yu bees yi. Kontaan bi ci ginaaw màgg gi am ci sistem kuuraŋ, otomatiseer industriel, energie bu bees, ak reso yu xarañ, jëmmal testkat yi ci jamono jii nekkatul ci fonction natt voltage yu njëkk yi. Lu moy loolu, dafay xoole ci ñeenti mbir yu am solo: dëggu, kaaraange, xel, ak mëna ànd, ci noonu lañuy jëlee ci kontu jëfandikukat bi ak mën mën yi ci wàllu xarala yu bees yi.
1. Déggoo: Kurerstone bu wóor bu wóor
The primary task of a voltage tester is to provide high-precision measurement results, which is the fundamental starting point of its design. From a circuit perspective, designers must select the appropriate sensor technology based on the target measurement range, such as low voltage (0-1000V), medium voltage (1kV-35kV), or high voltage (>35kV). Ci misaal, bu kawe { {2} 100000000000 nit wala transformatër (PT) dañuy jëfandikoo ci senaario yu woyof- voltage, waaye senaario yu kawe {4} voltage yi dañu sukkandikoo ci xaaj yi wala kaptër voltage optique yi (OVT) ngir wàññi signal bi ak interference bi.
Ci wàllu jëmmal ci sircuit bi, amplifikatëri liggéey yu am solo, 24{ 2}bit Σ{ {3}on Σ{-Δ analog-to{4}pomer (ADCs), ak {7} yu woyof yi ñuy jëfandikoo ci wàllu kàttan mooy caabi. Bi njëkk dafay fexe ba siñaal yu néew doole yi, waaye soo soppi voltage analog ci siñaal dijital yi jaaraleko ci ADC bu kawe bi, mën na jàpp milivolt wala sax mu soppi microvolt. Dooley kuuraŋ bu woyof bi dafay tere ripple boppam di tere natt gi. Rax ci dolli, algorithm yiy fay tàngoor ak jumtukaayi etalonnage (lu melni usine pre -calibration ak jëfandikukat- ci wetu etalonnage automatik) bu gëna jub ci njuumte yi tàngoor wi am ak màgget, di tëye njubte gi ci ±0.1% wala sax ± 0.05% (ngir model yu kawe).
2. Kaaraange: Dundine ci kaw- Scence ci ràndewu Voltage
Doxalkat yi dañuy faral di jëfandikoo ay test ngir saytu jumtukaay yi ci saasi, te seen jëmmal kaaraange mingi aju ci kaaraange operatër yi. Ci wàllu voltage yu wuute, ñawkat yi dañu wara topp sàrti isolation yu dëgër (lu melni IEC 61010 ak GB 4793) ba noppi jëfandikoo ay anam yu bari ngir mëna defar ay "barabu kaaraange."
For low-voltage (≤1000V) applications, an insulated casing (such as ABS + PC flame-retardant material, with a withstand voltage rating of ≥3kV) and a double insulation structure (basic insulation + supplementary insulation) are essential. For medium- and high-voltage (>1kV), aplikaasioŋ yu bari- voltage sond wala fibre {-y ci wàllu joxe feebar yi dañu am solo. Ci misaal, yenn testers yu kawe {4} voltage dañuy soppi siñaal yu kawe {- voltage yi ci siñaal yu woyof- voltage yu jëfandikoo ab xaaj bu am voltage ci voltage. Siñaale bii dafay jaar ci fibre optique (signal yu optik yi amul -contive) ci modulu ADC bi ci wàllu suuf- voltage, dafay dindi lëkkaloo kuuraŋ bi diggante {10} voltage ak terminal biy doxal. Rax ci dolli, aar bu ëpp (OVP), aar bu ëpp (OCP), ak-) aar ci sircuit circuit di xool siñaal yiy dugg ci jamono dëgg. Bu amee lu ëpp (lu melni, voltage bi ci saasi weesuna 120% ci rang bi), ci saasi sircuit biy natt bi di tassee, alarm (audio {17} vis) dafay tàmbali ngir moytu aparey yi yàqu wala gaañ-gaañu bopp.
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Ak duggug Internet of Things (IoT) ak xaralay ordinatëru boor, testers voltage yu bees yi ñu ngi jëm ci " jumtukaayi natt yi ñuy natt" ngir "interminaal diagnostic yu am xel." Design bi am xel dafay njëkka feeñ ci ñatti mbir:
Bi njëkk mooy, defar ay done yu am xel. Microcontroleur bu ñu tabax (1}i microcontroleur (MCU) wala processeur bu néew (2}} processeur (lu melni ARM Cortex). Dafay génne ay parametru màndarga yu ñuy jëfandikoo FFT (Cost Fourier Transform bu yàgg), mujjee génne ay doggal yu melni "yëy jàngat stabilite voltage" ak "nekk ci kaaraange yi ñu def ci kaaraange" moo gën ñu joxe valeur numérique yu ñor.
Ñaareel ba mooy nit ñi - di jaxasoo. Kulòor LCD bu laal LCD dafay wecci ay analog analog wala tube digital, di wane valeur voltage, forme onde, tendaas taarix, ak kodu njuumte. Ab Bluetooth/Wi- modulu dafay jàppale lëkkaloo bi ak aplikaasioŋu mobil wala platform cloud, di may ñu mëna saytu ci fu sori ak dencukaay done (lu melni, enregistrement voltage ci 24 waxtu yi weesu) ngir jàngat bu ci topp.
Ñatteel ba, senaario- mën ànd. Ak tabax -in yu bari- mu bari (lu melni natt voltage AC/DC ak coppite ci rang otomatik), tester bi mën na gëna baaxal ci saasi parametre natt yi sukkandikoo ci màndarga yi ci mbir mi (lu melni voltage DC bu dëgër ci gaaraas DC wala 50Hz CA CA bu am doole). Yenn model yu kawe-de mën nañu xàmmee itam anam yu bari (lu melni fluctuations voltage yi juddoo ci ñàkka mëna dékku) ak joxe xalaat yu méngoo ak jafe-jafe yi.
4. Adaptabilité équilibet: Liko dalee ci général ba ci personalisation
Li ñuy laaj ci test voltage dafay wuute bu baax ci liggéey yi, di sàkku ci defarkat yi ñu gëna mëna jëfandikoo ay produit ngir senaario yu amul benn werante. Ci misaal, ci wàllu liggéey ak wàllu toppatoo, testers yi dañu wara am xeetu natt bu yaatu (lu melni, 0.1V{6}1000V AC/DC) ak bañaale ci wàllu electromagnetik (ñu méngoo ak EMC Class B standard) ngir mëna jëflante ak environmaa electromagnetik bu bari bi ci substation yi. Ci wàllu energie bu bees (fotovoltaik/ doole), dañu wara jàppale DC natt voltage bu kawe (lu melni, 1500V PV voltage PV) ba noppi jàppale ci jàngat PPT (li gëna am doole ci poñ yu mag yi) Ci ligne yi ñuy defaree otomatise otomatise, miniaturisasioŋ (lu melni, portabilite), tontu bu gaaw (disure bi<100ms), and IP65 protection (dust and water resistance) are key specifications. In addition, modular design concepts are becoming increasingly popular. Through pluggable functional modules (such as high-precision current probes and temperature sensor interfaces), users can expand the tester's functionality based on their actual needs, avoiding the increased costs of redundant functions or the impact of missing functions on efficiency.
Tëjteel
Li ñuy woowe konseptioŋ bi ci testster voltage dafay nekk jëf buy boole "parametru xarala yu bees" ak "soxla jëfandikukat yi": Accuracy mooy liiñ bi ci suufu nattug science, kaaraange mooy ligne bu xonk bu amul benn njariñ, xam-xam mooy wàllu yeesal liggéey, ak mëna ànd ak senaario yu amul benn njariñ mooy caabi ci marse bi. Ci ëlëg, ak jëfandikoo jumtukaay yu bees (lu melni lu bari-bandgap semi-conductors) ak algorithm yu bees (lu melni xeetu IA fiir figual), testers voltage dina gëna jëm kanam ngir "bërëb bu dëggu, kaaraange bu gëna mag, ak gëna xam ci senaario yu amul benn njariñ," nekk benn jàppante bu am xel ci wàllu kuuraŋ ak energie.